The world today is filled with so many different types of pollutants and irritants, which can harm you in different ways. Most times, we are prone to so many things without our knowledge, which can leave us at risk to certain diseases that target sensitive parts, like the eyes. Tears are produced to cleanse the eyes and in response to any external agent causing irritation. Tears are made up of a mixture of water to provide moisture, oils to provide lubrication, mucus to help tears spread evenly, and antibodies and special proteins in order to prevent infections.
Dry eye is a situation where the tear duct system is not actively working to help protect your eyes. When tears aren’t produced, symptoms of itchiness, redness of eyes, blurry vision, light sensitivity, and grittiness in the eyes can. Common causes of dry eyes include:
- Reflux tearing
Contrary to common believe, a response to dry eyes can also be the overproduction of tears. This condition is known as reflex tearing and it occurs due to the absence of moisture, which causes even more irritation to the eye. When this happens, a distress signal is sent out through the nervous system for increased lubrication. In order to compensate for the dryness, the body sends a flood of tears. While it might seem like these tears should solve the problem, these reflex tears only contain water so they aren’t effective in removing any debris, germs to protect the eyes.
- Lack of tear flow
A lack of balance in the tear-flow system can also lead to dry eyes. The tear film can be dried out by things like air conditioning or heating, as well as other appliances (i.e., fans).
- Aging
Some other causes of dry eye can develop due to the natural aging processes, such as menopause.
- Drug and health condition side effects
Dry eyes can also be the side effects of drugs, such as antihistamines, as well as diseases which prevent your eyelids from closing the way. For instance, Sjogren’s syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis often mess with the natural production of tears.
The most common treatment for dry eyes is simple. Purchase over the counter eye drops, or natural tears, which are usually available at any drug store. For chronic dry eye, doctors may prescribe an eye ointments or gels to restore eye moisture.
